(a) On the basis of magnetic properties, different materials are classified into
- Diamagnetic substances
- Paramagnetic substances
- Ferromagnetic substances
(b) On the basis of magnetic properties, different materials are classified into
- Dia magnetic substances
- Paramagnetic substances
- Ferromagnetic substances
Diamagnetic substances are those substances in which the individual atom or molecule or ion does not possess any net magnetic moment of their own. These substances experience a very weak repulsive force in a magnetic field.
Example: Antimony, Bismuth, Copper, Gold, Quartz, Mercury, Lead, Water, Alcohol, Air, Hydrogen etc.
Paramagnetic substances are those substances in which the individual atom or molecule or ion possesses a net non-zero magnetic moment of their own. These substances experience a weak attractive force in a magnetic field.
Example: Aluminium, Platinum, Chromium, Manganese, Sodium, Copper chloride, Crown glass, Liquid oxygen, Salt solutions of iron and nickel.
Ferromagnetic substances are those substances in which each individual atom or molecule or ion possesses a non-zero magnetic moment. These substances experience a very strong force of attraction in a magnetic field.
Example: Iron, Nickel, Cobalt, etc.
(c) Based on the values and signs of susceptibility and permeability, we classify materials as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, and (or) ferromagnetic. It is now better to have a glance at the table.
