(1) When the victims are injured in a disaster, then the help rendered to him or her before the medical doctor arrives, is called first aid. It is done with the intention of saving a life.
(2) The three main measures which may save the lives are airway, breathing and circulation i.e. ABC of first aid. These are also called the basic principles of first aid.
- Airway: If a person faces difficulty in breathing, raise the chin or hold the head in backward sloping position, so as to keep the respiratory passage open.
- Breathing: If the person has stopped breathing, give artificial respiration mouth to mouth.
- Circulation: If the person is unconscious, first give mouth to mouth respiration. If the person doesn't revives, perform CPR (cardio-pulmonary resuscitation) by pressing the heart hard using both palms. Repeat these two steps alternately after every 15 minutes.
