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The Waterfall model is one of the earliest and most traditional software development life cycle (SDLC) models. It is a linear and sequential approach to software development, where each phase must be completed before the next phase begins. Key Characteristics:…

Database Security means keeping sensitive information safe and prevent the loss of data. Security of data base is controlled by Database Administrator (DBA). The following are the main control measures are used to provide security of data in databases: 1. Authentication2.…

Module 1 Services , Mechanism and Attack Network Security model Keyed and keyless transposition technique Numericals: Playfair (But practice all) Module 2 Block cipher modes DES and Triple DES RSA Diffie Hellman (Knapsack and El-Gamal) Module 3 MAC, HMAC, CMAC…

Digital Signature : As the name sounds are the new alternative to sign a document digitally. It ensures that the message is sent by the intended user without any tampering by any third party (attacker). In simple words, digital signatures are…

Answer to : User A and B want to use RSA to communicate securely. A chooses public key  as (7, 119) and B chooses public key as (13, 221). Calculate their private  keys. A wishes to send message m =…

Answer to : What is need of Diffie-Hellman algorithm. User A and B decide  to use Diffie-Hellman algorithm to share a key.  They choose p = 23 and g = 5 as the public parameters.  Their secret keys are 6…

2) File Protection:  In computer systems, alot of user’s information is stored, the objective of the operating system is to keep safe the data of the user from the improper access to the system. Protection can be provided in number…

Domain Name Server is a prominent building block of the Internet. It’s developed as a system to convert alphabetical names into IP addresses, allowing users to access websites and exchange e-mails. DNS is organized into a tree-like infrastructure where the first…